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Research Article

Impact of treatment temperature of metakaolin on strength and sulfate resistance of concrete

Mutiu Adelodun Akinpelu1, Ash-Shu’ara Marafa Salman1, Yusuf Ayoola Jimoh2, Ibrahim Tunde Yahaya1, Hakeem Mayowa Salami1

1Department of Civil Engineering, Kwara State University, Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria                     2Department of Geology and Mineral Science, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria

Keywords

Abstract


Metakaolin;

 Calcined clay; 

Calcination temperature;

Characterization; 

Concrete




Calcined clay, a widely studied supplementary cementitious material, has shown positive impacts on concrete's microstructural properties, strength development, and durability. The variation in raw clay mineral concentration across different locations influences the optimal calcination temperature needed to activate its pozzolanic reactivity. This investigation focuses on studying the effects of calcination temperature on the characterization and pozzolanic reactivity of Nigerian Kaolinite clay. The clay was calcined at temperatures ranging from 600˚C to 900˚C for 2 hours. Characterization involved X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analyses. Blended mixtures, incorporating 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% metakaolin as cement replacement, were assessed for workability, strength, and durability properties at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days to determine the clay's pozzolanic reactivity. XRF categorized the metakaolin as a class N pozzolan, while XRD indicated that 800˚C for 2 hours was necessary for complete dihydroxylation. Compressive, tensile, and sulfate resistance tests confirmed that treating the clay at 800˚C for 2 hours optimized its performance. The mix with 10% metakaolin outperformed the control by 6.4%, 14.7%, and 14.1% in compressive strength at 14th, 28th, and 56th days, respectively. While the best performance was at 10% replacement, levels up to 30% also demonstrated satisfactory results compared to the control, showing potential for achieving desired strengths. Linear regression models were also developed to establish the relationship between compressive and split tensile strengths across curing periods. The resulting equations demonstrate excellent predictive performance with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.928 to 0.991.

© 2024 MIM Research Group. All rights reserved.

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2023 Reviewer Awards:

Please, visit Reviewer Awards section for the winners of the 2022 RESM reviewer awards.



2023 Best Paper Award:

The paper authored by Ferzan Fidan, Naim Aslan, Mümin Mehmet Koç entitled as “Morpho-structural and compressive mechanical properties of graphene oxide reinforced hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue applications” is awarded.



2023 Most Cited Paper Award:

The paper authored by Ercan Işık, Ehsan Harirchian, Hüseyin Bilgin, Kirti Jadhav entitled as “The effect of material strength and discontinuity in RC structures according to different site-specific design spectra" is awarded.


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