Experimental research of a structural health monitoring system concept based on fiber Bragg grating sensors on composite panels of an aircraft

In the dynamic realm of aviation, ensuring the structural integrity of aircraft stands as an imperative pillar of safety and operational efficiency. Amidst this landscape, the advent of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensing technology has propelled structural health monitoring (SHM) into a new era of precision and reliability. This paper embarks on an exploration of SHM in aviation, using the transformative capabilities of FBG sensing. The primary objective was to evaluate the sensitivity of FBG-based sensors to static and dynamic loads as well as the response to defects formed upon fracture. The study involves fifteen experiments with FBG setups on a composite panel. Using interrogators, the distortions in optical signals were obtained and recalculated to provide data on deformations. Based on the results, FBG sensing technology proved to be sensitive to the mentioned load types, outputting consistent data.