Integrated optimization of mix design and mold dimensions for clay brick manufacturing in Adrar region

This research optimizes raw clay brick composition and production through systematic evaluation of mechanical and thermal properties. Four clay compositions (C1; C2; C3 and C4) and three production moulds (M1; M2 and M3) with varying geometries were investigated under controlled conditions. Comprehensive testing assessed compressive strength, flexural strength, and thermal conductivity using standardized methods with statistical validation. Results revealed that composition C2 demonstrated superior performance with optimal compressive strength (1.30 MPa), highest flexural strength (0.71 MPa), and lowest thermal conductivity (0.60 W/m·K), making it ideal for thermal insulation in hot climates. Production mould M1 achieved maximum bending resistance (1.22 MPa) with excellent mechanical cohesion, ensuring consistent quality and structural integrity. The optimal C2-M1 combination provides a sustainable construction solution for the Adrar region, offering enhanced mechanical properties, superior thermal performance, production stability, and compliance with international clay brick standards. These findings contribute significantly to sustainable construction material development, presenting an environmentally friendly alternative that meets performance requirements while promoting energy-efficient building practices in arid regions.