The aerospace, marine, automotive, construction, and military industries, as well as ordinary consumer items, place a great deal of significance on sheet metals such as titanium alloys, steel alloys, and aluminum alloys. Understanding how laser cutting parameters affect cutting quality is crucial since laser cutting has become a top non-conventional technology for precision sheet metal cutting. This thorough analysis explores the complex link between the parameters used in laser cutting and the final surface quality and kerf characteristics, identifying the parameters that have the biggest influence on cutting quality. This review also provides a detailed comparison that emphasizes the benefits of laser cutting over conventional machine methods. It also explores the nuances of laser cutting, differentiating between different laser sources and their unique properties in terms of material thickness and advantages. Moreover, it offers a thorough analysis of the characteristics and range of uses of the materials being studied. The review provides a methodical classification of the examined literature by carefully defining performance parameters with the use of graphical representations and equations, and by arranging research analysis and discussions with the use of detailed tables and graphs. In order to produce the best results in terms of low surface roughness, minimal heat-affected zone (HAZ) width, narrow kerf width, and ideal kerf angle, it is crucial to use certain parameters, which include low laser power, high cutting speed, moderate gas pressure, adequate standoff distance, intermediate pulse frequency and width, small nozzle diameter, decreased material thickness, and nitrogen as an assist gas.
